ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the molecular characteristics and genetic correlations of Vibrio cholerae isolates in Hainan in 2008, so as to provide pathogenic proof to diagnose the plague.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy six cholera strains were isolated from this cholera epidemic.69 strains were obtained from patients, 7 were isolated from external environment, among which, one was from patient's toilet, one from water sample, three were isolated from fish pond near patient's home, one came from swab of the patient vomit on the ground of health center and one from swab of kitchen knife from Hainan University canteen respectively. With conventional aetiological methods, pulse-field gel electrophoresis was conducted and the patterns of the 76 isolates were analyzed. The PFGE image was analyzed using BioNumerics (Version4.0, Applied Maths BVBA, Belium). Image bands were identified and similarity coefficient was automatically generated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventy six strains were isolated from Vibrio cholerae outbreaks in Hainan in 2008.5 PFGE patterns of patient's isolates in June were the same, sharing a similarity coefficient of 100%. 70 PFGE patterns of patients and water in October and November were completely same, the similarity coefficient being 100%. But they were not same as that of June. 1 PFGE pattern of isolate from the sample in Hainan University was different, only sharing a similarity coefficient of 79.7%, which showed no correlation with the outbreak.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Different outbreaks of Vibrio cholera occurred in Hainan in 2008. The epidemic in October and November at different counties was one outbreak. The pollution of water in environment was an important factor for outbreak.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Methods , China , Epidemiology , Cholera , Epidemiology , Microbiology , DNA, Bacterial , Disease Outbreaks , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , Methods , Vibrio cholerae , ClassificationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the attenuating effect of curcumin, an anti-inflammatory compound derived from dietary spice turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the pro-inflammatory insulin-resistant state in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Glucose uptake rate was determined with the [3H] 2-deoxyglucose uptake method. Expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by quantitative RT-PCR analysis and ELISA. Nuclear transcription factor kappaB p65 (NF-kappa p65) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) were detected by Western blot assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The basal glucose uptake was not altered, and curcumin increased the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells. Curcumin suppressed the transcription and secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-6 induced by palmitate in a concentration-dependent manner. Palmitate induced nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB. The activities of Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38MAPK decreased in the presence of curcumin. Moreover, pretreatment with SP600125 (inhibitor of JNK) instead of PD98059 or SB203580 (inhibitor of ERK1/2 or p38MAPK, respectively) decreased the up-regulation of TNF-alpha induced by palmitate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Curcumin reverses palmitate-induced insulin resistance state in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the NF-kappaB and JNK pathway.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , 3T3-L1 Cells , Anthracenes , Pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Pharmacology , Curcumin , Pharmacology , Glucose , Metabolism , Insulin , Pharmacology , Insulin Resistance , Interleukin-6 , Genetics , Metabolism , JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases , Metabolism , MAP Kinase Signaling System , NF-kappa B , Metabolism , Palmitates , Pharmacology , Protein Kinase Inhibitors , Pharmacology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Genetics , Metabolism , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
Objective To study the relationship between fatty liver and blood lipids in children with simple obesity and the precaution of this disease.Methods Forty-eight cases from 2 to 16 years old with simple obesity were divided into 2 groups.The first group included 19 cases with fatty liver(38.78%);the second group included 29 cases without fatty liver(61.22%). Blood lipids in 2 groups were analyzed with biochemical method.Blood total cholesterol(TC),triglyeride(TG),high density lipoprotein(HDL) and low density lipoprotein(LDL) were detected and the liver was examined with ultrasound.Results Blood TC,TG,HDL and LDL in cases with fatty liver were higher than those wit-hout fatty liver.Blood TG had the closest relation with fatty liver(P_a